蔣介石的基督教信仰之二：1937年受難節他的一份分享見證
在幾年前的關於蔣介石基督教信仰之一文章中，我曾從已故傳教士和美國眾議員周以德遺物中蔣介石讀聖經的照片出發，討論過蔣介石的基督教信仰歷程。當時儘管知道他已於1930年10月23日在上海由美以美會（後改稱衛理公會）美國牧師為他施洗正式加入基督教，但如他自己在日記中說：「宋母病重，我為了要安慰她，回饋她，報答她對我的愛心，我決定受洗」，我文章中說他內心真正虔誠地相信是在1939年以後。但最近收集到的一本標註日期為1937年3月27日的英文小冊子《MY TESTIMONY》（我的見證）——蔣介石的個人基督教信仰見證，為1939年以前的蔣介石基督教信仰狀態提供了十分珍貴的實物依據。
圖1、1937年3月27日印刷出版的蔣介石的《我的見證》英文小冊子。 Ref.20260929
小冊子的大小尺寸為3.25 x 4.75 英吋（約8.3 x 12.1 cm），比64開本略大。見證內容共13頁，全文英文，註明為「授權版」。小冊子封底內頁的出版說明中說：「這本名為《我的見證》的小冊子，是蔣介石委員長在南京舉行的東亞衛理公會會議上所作的個人見證。本冊作為蔣介石夫人所著《我的宗教信仰》（My Religion）的姊妹篇一同發行。」
查閱歷史文獻，見證提交是1937年3月26日晚上，星期五，耶穌受難日。地點是在南京衛斯理堂（Wesley Church）舉行的基督教美以美會東亞中央會議上。是由新生活運動負責人黃上校（Col. J. L. Huang）在會上以中文宣讀和以英文翻譯的[1、2]。見證的原標題是「耶穌受難予餘之教訓」（耶穌受難給我的教訓）。據《總統蔣公思想言論總集》，蔣介石一生至少有十五個受難節發表了「耶穌受難節證道詞」，1937年受難節是第一次[3]。
1937年的受難節離剛剛發生在1936年12月的西安事變才幾個月。因此，蔣介石的這份見證主要是圍繞著西安事變中他在信仰上的心路歷程展開。其中令我印象最為深刻的是他說：「餘信仰耶穌，將近十年，讀經修道，靡日或間。客冬西安變亂，事起倉卒，孑然一身，被困於叛部者二週，嘗向監視者索讀聖經，益覺親切有味。（白話文翻譯：我成為基督徒至今已有將近十年。期間我一直是一個經常讀經靈修的人。去年冬天西安發生變亂，事情發生得非常突然，我孤身一人被困在叛軍的手裡長達兩週。在那期間，我曾向監管我的人索要《聖經》來閱讀，更覺得《聖經》內容親切深刻、別有滋味。）」
小冊子的印刷和發行單位是當時位於中國上海博物院路128號的XMHD廣播電台。它是由上海基督教廣播協會（Shanghai Christian Broadcasting Association）於1934年創辦的一個跨宗派的基督教廣播電台[4]。XMHD為該電台當時使用的無線電呼號。它向一些人們寄送宋美齡的“我的宗教信仰”和該小冊子，並說如果需要更多，費用是每份2分或每2元一百份。
以下是蔣介石這份見證的中英文稿。為了儘可能保持中文的原意，中文部分是直接抄錄公開出版的蔣介石文集中的淺文理中文原文[5]，而不是採用上述英文小冊子的中文白話翻譯。閱讀淺文理中文有困難的讀者可借助技術工具將其譯為中文白話文閱讀。
人生不能無宗教之信仰。革命者對於其革命主義亦不能無宗教式之信仰心，否則無論大小事業，皆無所成就。世人處事每多遇難而退、或半途而廢者、皆無自信心，即無宗教之信仰故也。
余信仰耶穌，將近十年，讀經修道，靡日或間。客冬西安變亂，事起倉卒，孑然一身，被困於叛部者二週，嘗向監視者索讀聖經，益覺親切有味；而救主耶穌博愛精神之偉大，更使我提高精神，以與惡勢力相搏擊，卒能克服仇魔，伸張正氣。復承教會諸同道為余祈禱，精神感應，為力實多。此余應於感謝諸同道之餘，更不能不於諸同道前歸榮於耶穌也。
耶穌之聖德，余不能稱述其萬一，今日適為吾主耶穌受難節，謹本吾心之所得，為諸同道陳之。夫十架七言，非我耶穌最後之遺言乎？首句即為仇殺者祈求上帝曰：天父乎！彼輩所為彼輩不知也；乞赦之，大哉主之博愛，吾於此思過半矣。
今請以西安事變之事實為例。當余於二次入陝之先，即已察知部隊之思想龐雜，言動歧異，且有種種複雜離奇之報告，甚至謂將有非常之密謀與變亂者，左右勸阻，爭欲尼之。余就所負之責任言，國家統一始基已奠，身為統帥，教導之責，萬不敢辭，況此身屬於黨國，安危更不容計；即就余之宗教信仰言，當我主耶穌末次入耶路撒冷城時，明知危機四伏，猶昂然騎驢直入，不稍規避，至大至剛，亦勇亦義，余何人斯，退縮不前。矧余之愛部屬，一如愛子弟，決不計及其他；於是輕裝簡從，毅然赴陝。變生肘腋，躬蹈其危，使中樞憂勞，人民惶慮，與夫同道之懇切祈禱，歉仄良深；而余之良知，因以日進，余之愛心，因以日厚矣。被劫持後，有以條件相要挾者，有以甘言相誘惑者，有以武器相恫嚇者，有以交與「人民陣線」公斷相威脅者，險象環生，不可言喻。然余為篤信基督耶穌，於此環境中，每一念及我主在曠野受惡魔試探四十日，以及其最後經過客西馬尼園之獨禱，法庭受鞫之凌辱；又我 總理曾在倫敦蒙難，因祈禱得救之故實，莫不歷歷如繪。故余更能提高正氣，以與叛部作激烈之抗爭，且嘗準備以十字架被難之精神，於叛部交付所謂人民公判時，作最後之犧牲，以求無負生平之所期，到此自覺神明泰然，引為欣慰。
事變既平，叛首自知為魯莽滅裂，貽禍國家之舉動，深為惶恐。然余遵主耶穌饒恕人七十個七次的訓誡，應予以自新之機。復念余誠信未孚，致未能予以精神之感召，中心慚悚無已，惟念余自興學統兵以來，嘗以二語訓部屬，此二語者，即（一）「余如有絲毫自私自利而不為國家與民族者，則無論何人皆可視我為國家之罪人，即人人可得而殺我。」（二）「如余之言行稍有不誠不實，虛偽欺妄，而不為革命與主義著想，則任何部下皆可視我為敵人，即無論何時可以殺余。」此二語余自信出於精誠，亦即余宗教式之自信心所致。故能於毀法蕩紀惡氛之中，仍能撥亂反正，然此亦我耶穌博愛之精誠，與夫 總理寬大仁恕之教訓有以貫之也。
綜耶穌一生，無日不在蒙難期間，其堅苦卓絕博愛慈祥之精神，澈始澈終，未嘗稍懈，而余所得之教訓，要亦以此為最大。 先總理耶教基督徒也，出其得於耶穌者，為弱小民族謀解放，為痛苦民眾謀幸福；浩氣長存，光爭日月。余為從事中國國民革命之一人，余對 總理信仰之篤，雖無宗教之關係，然實無異於宗教，此即宗教式之信仰。此余所以始終成為總理救國救民之信徒，而今且成為耶穌救人救世之信徒也。故益覺從事革命者，所恃唯信仰之人格，處艱危之際，決不肯苟全性命，以虧損人格者，信仰之所致也。質言之，吾人之生命可以犧牲，而國家之法律綱紀不能遷就；身體可以受束縛，而精神絕不能受束縛者。亦信仰中之自信心所致也。吾人於紀念耶穌受難之日，更有所感，特述人生之於信仰宗教，及革命之於信仰心之重要，蓋如此也。
以上所云，僅陳述余個人一生信仰之所得，參以實事，敬以證道，非敢自炫也。順祝貴會合議會成功。
MY TESTIMONY
A Personal Testimony by China’s Generalissimo
By Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek
Authorized Edition
March 27, 1937
Without religious faith there can be no real understanding of life. Faith in the cause of a revolution is not unlike religious faith. Without faith, human affairs, both great and small, are difficult of achievement. Often when face to face with opposition and possible danger, we mortals are prone to retreat and to abandon our work half-way. Such lack of confidence in ourselves is often due to the absence of a strong religious faith.
I have now been a Christian for nearly ten years and during that time I have been a constant reader of the Bible. Never before has this sacred book been so interesting to me as during my two weeks’ captivity in Sian. This unfortunate affair took place all of a sudden and I found myself placed under detention without having a single earthly belonging. From my captors I asked for but one thing, a copy of the Bible. In my solitude I had ample opportunity for reading and meditation. The greatness and love of Christ burst upon me with a new inspiration, increasing my strength to struggle against evil, to overcome temptation, and to uphold righteousness.
I am, indeed, grateful to all my fellow Christians who continually offered prayers on my behalf. I was deeply conscious of a strong spiritual support for which I extend my hearty thanks to all Christians, and to which, before you all, to-day, I testify that the name of God may be glorified. The many virtues of Christ I cannot possibly enumerate. To-day, being Good Friday, I merely wish to explain some of the lessons I have derived from the trials of Christ. His utterances from the Cross are our spiritual inheritance. Entreating forgiveness for his enemies, He cried: “Father, forgive them: for they know not what they do.” Truly great is the love of Christ. In all my meditations I found these thoughts recurring and providing me with rich spiritual sustenance.
To illustrate, I am going to recount some of my experiences at Sian. Before I went to Shensi on my second trip I was already conscious of the perverted thoughts and unusual activities in the army there. I had previously received reports of the intrigues and revolutionary rumblings that were threatening to undermine the unity of the state. My immediate associates tried to persuade me to abandon the journey, but I replied: “Now that our country is unified and the foundation of the state established, the commander-in-chief of the armies has the responsibilities for the direction and enlightenment from which he dare not withdraw. Furthermore, I have dedicated my soul and body to the service of the state, and there can never be any consideration of my personal safety.”
According to the record of the New Testament, when Christ entered Jerusalem for the last time, He plainly knew the danger ahead but triumphantly, on an ass, He rode into the city without anguish, without fears. What greatness! What courage! In comparison, how unimportant my life must be. So why should I hesitate?
My fondness for my troops has always been as great as the love between brothers and this love drew me into the heart of the rebellion. Such disregard of danger in the face of duty caused deep concern to the government, worried the people and, for this, numerous prayers were offered by Christian friends. In the midst of it all my understanding increased and my love multiplied.
Following my detention my captors presented me with terms and demands, with tempting words of kindnesses, with threats of violence and torture and with a public trial by the “People’s Front.” On every hand I was beset by danger, but I had no thought of yielding to pressure. My faith in Christ increased. In this strange predicament I distinctly recalled the forty days and nights Christ passed in the wilderness withstanding temptation, His prayers in the garden of Gethsemane and the indignities heaped upon Him at His trial. The prayers He offered for His enemies upon the Cross were ever in my thoughts.
I naturally remembered the prayers offered by Dr. Sun Yat-sen during his imprisonment in London. These scenes passed vividly before me again and again like so many pictures. My strength was redoubled to resist the recalcitrants and with the spirit of Christ on the Cross I was preparing to make the final sacrifice at the trial of the so-called “People’s Front.” Having determined upon this course of action, I was comforted and at rest.
Following the settlement of the Sian affair, the rebels, knowing their unwise and treasonable actions, were naturally afraid. Remembering that Christ enjoined us to forgive those who sin against us until seventy times seven, and upon their repentance, I felt that they should be allowed to start life anew! At the same time I was greatly humbled that my own faith hadn’t been of such quality as to influence my followers and to restrain them.
Ever since training the cadets and launching the expedition I have repeated to my followers these two principles: (1) On detecting the slightest selfishness on my part or discovering plans contrary to the interest of my country and the people, any one may accuse me of guilt and put me to death; (2) Should my words and actions betray lack of truth and good faith, or indicate departure from the revolutionary cause and principles, any of my subordinates may take me for an enemy and put me to death. I honestly believe that these two sayings were prompted by sincerity and grew out of my religious faith. They are in line with the spirit of the love of Christ, and of the forbearance and magnanimity of Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
The life of Christ reveals a long record of affliction and constant persecution. His spirit of forbearance, His love and His benevolence shine through it all. No more valuable lesson has yet come to me out of my Christian experiences. Dr. Sun Yat-sen was a Christian, and the greatest thing he received from Christ was love—love for the emancipation of the weaker races, and for the welfare of the oppressed people. This spirit remains with us and reaches to the skies. I am an ardent follower of the revolution, and although my faith in Dr. Sun at the outset did not appear to have any religious significance, it was similar to a religious faith. For this reason I have become a follower of Dr. Sun and his revolution based on San Min Chu I.
To-day I find that I have taken a further step and have become a follower of Jesus Christ. This makes me realize more fully that the success of revolution depends upon men of faith and that men of character, because of their faith, cannot sacrifice their principles for personal safety under circumstances of difficulty and crisis. In other words, a man’s life may be sacrificed, his person held in bondage, but his faith and spirit can never be restrained. This is due to confidence brought about by faith. On this Good Friday these reflections are ours. For such is the importance of faith in the revolution, and faith in religion.
“What I have just said represents my spiritual conception of Good Friday, interspersed with a few facts out of my own experience. I offer them as a testimony and not in any sense to exalt my own worthiness and achievements. I take this opportunity to extend greetings to the Central Conference of Eastern Asia of the Methodist Episcopal Church and to express my thanks to Christians everywhere for their earnest and continued prayers on my behalf.”
ANNOUNCEMENT
This little Booklet “My Testimony” is a personal testimony given by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek before the East Asia Methodist Conference in session in Nanking. It is sent out as a companion booklet to “My Religion” by Madam Chiang Kai-Shek.
Extra copies can be ordered from STATION XMHD, 128 Museum Road, Shanghai, China.
參考文獻（從略）
作者：方金琪（信望愛小屋），2026年10月23日，作者保留所有文章及圖片版權。歡迎轉載。轉載電子版文章時，請註明文章作者和轉自www.healthChinese.ca，並請注意在轉載時，不得對文章進行任何刪改。若需書面轉載本刊文章，請先徵得作者書面許可。